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Who and Where are the Uncounted Children? Inequalities in Birth Certificate Coverage Among Children Under Five Years in 94 Countries Using Nationally Representative Household Surveys
[International Journal for Equity in Health]This article examines wealth, urban/rural, and gender inequalities in birth certificate coverage in 94 countries.
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Democratic Governance, Citizenship and Legal Identity
[Inter-American Development Bank]This article argues the importance of legal identity for good governance. -
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Questions of Legal Identity in the Post-2015 Development Agenda
[London School of Economics]A thought piece on the importance of and practical considerations for operationalizing SDG 16.9 legal identity.
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Understanding Whose Births Get Registered: A Cross-sectional Study in Bauchi and Cross River States, Nigeria
[BioMed Central International Health and Human Rights ]This article examines actionable determinants of birth registration of children in Bauchi and Cross River states of Nigeria.
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Changes and Inequalities in Early Birth Registration and Childhood Care and Education in Vietnam: Findings from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, 2006 and 2011
[Global Health Action]This article analyzes data from the 2011 Vietnamese Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), linking birth registration with childhood care and education.
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Ending Child Marriage: A Guide for Global Policy Action
[International Planned Parenthood Federation ]This practical tool documents the special needs of child brides, and outlines the nature of the economic and social factors that reinforce the practice.
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Socioeconomic Determinants of Birth Registration in Ghana
[BioMed Central International Health and Human Rights ]This article examines the chances of a child born in Ghana between 2001 and 2006 obtaining legal status of identity using data extracted from the 2006 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. -
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Maternal Autonomy and Birth Registration in India: Who Gets Counted?
[PLOS One]This paper examines the effect of maternal socio-economic status in the household, such as their autonomy, ability, freedom and bargaining power, on child birth registration in India using the -
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Barriers to Birth Registration in Indonesia
[The Lancet]Empirical research on birth registration is lacking in many countries, including Indonesia. This study examines the correlates of birth registration in three of Indonesia's most impoverished and under -
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Incentives for Improving Birth Registration Coverage
[World Bank Group]A literature review of supply and demand factors that could affect birth registration coverage rates, particularly in the context of social programs. -
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Birth Registration is the Basis for Advancing Gender Equality and Children’s Rights
[International Development Research Centre]A thought piece on how birth registration — the official recording of a child’s birth by a government agency — is one of the most important events in a child’s life. It is key to accessing a range of -
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Identity Documents, Welfare Enhancement, and Group Empowerment in the Global South
[The Journal of Development Studies]Having a birth certificate is a stepping stone to acquiring an array of rights and benefits, including other documents necessary to navigate in and outside of one’s home country. Despite a birth -
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Unregistered marriages – time to register calls for law reform?
[International Family Law Group]This article discusses religious marriages and the legal implications of registration practices. -
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Socioeconomic determinants of birth registration in Ghana
[BMC International Health and Human Rights 2015]This paper examines the chances of a child born in Ghana between 2001 and 2006 obtaining legal status of identity. -
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Colombia: A strategy to improve the registration and certification of vital events in rural and ethnic communities
[Bloomberg Philanthropies Data for Health Initiative]The report provides an overview of experiences from Colombia on working with communities to improve birth and eath registration. -
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Estimating the completeness of death registration: An empirical method
[PLOS one]This paper presents a novel empirical method to estimate completeness of death registration at the national and subnational levels. -
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History of the birth certificate: from inception to the future of electronic data
[Journal of Perinatology 32 (407-411)]A look at the evolution of birth certificates in the USA. As birth registration has moved from paper to electronic, the birth certificate's potential utility has broadened, yet issues with updating -
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Civil registration systems and vital statistics: Successes and missed opportunities
[The Lancet]This paper is a comprehensive and practical framework for assessment of the quality of vital statistics. With use of routine reports to the UN and cause-of-death data reported to WHO, we review the -
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Technological and Social Innovation in Mechanisms for timely Declaration of Births and Deaths of Populations in Nawa Region (Cote d’Ivore)
[European Scientific Journal]This paper focuses on new mechanisms for the timely registration of births and deaths in Côte d'Ivoire. Through the practical case of the Nawa people's region in the southwest of the country, this -
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Thai Civil Registration and Vital Statistics and Unique Identification Number Systems for Universal Health Coverage: A Case Study
[World Bank Group]The Thai civil registration (CR) system was established two centuries ago. Over the past four decades, the system has changed from a manual, paper-based registration system to a centralized -
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Endline Assessment: Improving Birth Registration Using the Existing Community Structures and Immunization Processes
[World Bank Group]This report summarizes key findings from the endline assessment of a pilot project in Ethiopia. The project was undertaken in Yilmana Densa and Goji Qolela woredas (districts); Hintalo Wajirat and -
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Birth registration and access to health care: an assessment of Ghana’s campaign success
[Bulletin of the World Health Organization]Incorporation of birth registration into community health care, health campaigns and mobile registration activities can reduce the indirect costs of birth registration, especially in poorer -
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Improving birth registration in Tanzania: The initiative that registered 220,000 children in four weeks
[Centre of Excellence for CRVS Systems]Tanzania’s Registration, Insolvency and Trusteeship Agency (RITA) launched an initiative in partnership with UNICEF and the telecommunications company Tigo to lower some of the barriers to birth -
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Improving birth registration for an inclusive Africa
[Centre of Excellence for CRVS Systems]“Most people in Africa and Asia are born and die without leaving a trace in any legal record or official statistic,” stated an article in a 2007 edition of The Lancet. The author referred to this fact -
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Obstacles to birth registration in Niger: estimates from a recent household survey
[Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition]Despite progress made towards increasing birth registration rates over the last dozen years, almost one in two children may still not get registered at birth in Niger according to a recent nationally
Our Resource Library provides access to curated resources related to CRVS systems, including research, tools, publications, CRVS eLearning course, our Expert Talks video series, and a glossary of terms and definitions.
A CRVS system is one that connects relevant data from the civil registry and the health information system for the purpose of producing vital statistics. In order to function well, CRVS systems depend on common elements. These are featured under a unique section of our library. Examples include resources that focus on training, assessments and evaluations, identity management, data security and privacy, information and communications technology, and more.